KEPPRES No. 15 Tahun 1997

Keputusan Presiden ini mulai berlaku pada tanggal ditetapkan.

Agar setiap orang mengetahuinya, memerintahkan pengundangan Keputusan Presiden
ini dengan penempatannya dalam Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia.

Ditetapkan di Jakarta

pada tanggal 7 Mei 1997

PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA

ttd.

SOEHARTO

Diundangkan di Jakarta
pada tanggal 7 Mei 1997
MENTERI NEGARA SEKRETARIS NEGARA
REPUBLIK INDONESIA

ttd.

MOERDIONO

Paris Convention for the Protection
of Industrial Property

of March 20, 1883,

at Brussels on December 14, 1900, at Washington
on June 2, 1911, at The Hague on November 6, 1925,
at London on June 2, 1934, at Lisbon on October 31, 1958,
and at Stockholm on July 14, 1967,
and as amended on September 28, 1979

Official English Text

World Intellectual Property Organization
GENEVA 1995

Official English Text established under Article 29(1)(b)

Paris Convention
for the Protection of Industrial Property

of March 20, 1883,

as revised

at BRUSSELS on December 14, 1900, at WASHINGTON
on June 2, 1911.
at THE HAGUE on November 6, 1925, at LONDON
on June 2, 1934,
at LISBON on October 31, 1958,
and at STOCKHOLM on July 14, 1967,
and as amended on September 28, 1979

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Article 1

: Establishment of the Union; Scope of Industrial Property
Article 2

: National Treatment for Nationals of Countries of the Union.
Article 3
: Same Treatment for Certain Categories of Persons as for
Nationals of the Union
Article 4
: A. to I. Patents, Utility Models, Industrial Designs, Marks,
Inventors Certificates: Right of Priority. - G. Patents: Division of
the Application.

Article 4bis
: Patents : Independence of Patents Obtained for the Same
Invention in Different Countries.
Article 4bis
: Patents : Mention of the Inventor in the Patent.
Article 4quater
: Patents : Patentability in Case of Restrictions of Sale by Law.
Article 5
: A.Patent : Importation
of
Articles;
Failure
to
Work
or
Insufficient Working; Compulsory Licenses. - B.
Industrial Designs: Failure to Work; Importation of
Articles, - C. Marks: Failure to Use; Different Forms;
Use by Co-properietors. - D. Patents, Utility Models,
Marks, Industrial Designs: Marking.
Article 5bis
: All Industrial Property Rights : Period of Grace for the Payment
of Fees for the Maintenance of
Rights; Patens: Restoration.
Article 5ter
: Patents : Patnted Devices Forming Part of Vessels, Aircraft, or
Land Vehicles.
Article 5quater
: Patents : Importation of Products Manufactured by a Process
Patented in the Importing Country.
Article 5quinquies : Industrial Designs.
Article 6
: Marks : Conditons of Registration; Independence of Protection of
Same
Mark
in
Different
Countries.
Article 6bis
: Marks : Well-Known Marks.
Article 6ter
: Marks : Prohibitions
concerning
State
Emblems,
Official
Hallmarks,
and
Emblems
of
Intergovernmental
Organization.
Article 6quater
: Marks : Assignment of Marks.
Article 6quinquies : Marks : Protection of Marks Registered in One Country of the
Union in the Other Countries of the Union.
Article 6sexies
: Marks : Service Marks.
Article 6septies
: Marks : Registration in the Name of the Agent or Representative
of the Proprietor Without the Latter's Authorization.
Article 7
: Marks : Nature of the Goods to which the Mark is Applied.
Article 7bis
: Marks : Collective Marks
Article 8
: Trade Names.
Article 9
: Mark, Trade Names: Seizure, on Importation, etc., of Goods
Unlawfully Bearing a Mark or Trade Name.
Article 10
: False Indications: Seizure, on Importation, etc., of Goods Bearing
False Indications as to their Source or the Identity of the
Producer.
Article 10bis
: Unfair Competition.
Article 10ter
: Marks, Trade Names, False Indications, Unfair Competition:
Remedies, Right to Sue.
Article 11
: Inventions, utility Models, Industrial Designs, Marks: Temporary
Protection at Certain Internationl Exhibitions.
Article 12
: Special National Industrial Property Services.
Article 13
: Assembly of the Union.
Article 14
: Executive Committee.
Article 15
: International Bureau.
Article 16
: Finances
Article 17
: Amendment of Articles 13 to 17.
Article 18
: Revision of Articles 1 to 12 and 18 to 30.
Article 19
: Special Agreements.
Article 20
: Ratification or Accession by Countries of the Union; Entry Into
Foerce.
Article 21
: Accession by Countries Outside the Union; Entry Into Force.
Article 22
: Consequences of Ratification or Accession.
Article 23
: Accession to Earlier Acts.
Article 24
: Territories.
Article 25
: Implementation of the Convention on the Domestic Level.
Article 26
: Denunciation.
Article 27
: Application of Earlier Acts.
Article 28
: Disputes.
Article 29
: Signature, Languages, Depositary Functions.
Article 30
: Transitional Provisions.

Article 1
[Establishment of the Union; Scope of Industrial Property]

(1) The countries to which this Convention applies constitute a Union for the
protection of industrial property.
(2) The protection of industrial property has as its object patents, utility models,
industrial designs, trademarks, service marks, trade names, indications of source
or appellations of origin, and the repression of unfair competition.
(3) Industrial property shall be understood in the broadest sense and shall apply not
only to industry and commerce proper, but likewise to agricultural and extractive
industries and to all manufactured or natural products, for example, wines,
grain, tobacco leaf, fruit, cattle, minerals, mineral waters, beer, flowers, and
flour.
(4) Patents shall include the various kinds of industrial patents recognized by the
laws of the countries of the Union, such as patents of importation, patents of
improvement, patents and certificates of addition, etc.

Article 2
[National Treatment for Nationals of Countries of the Union]

(1) Nationals of any country of the Union shall, as regards the protection of industrial
property, enjoy in all the other countries of the Union the advantages that their
respective laws now grant, or may hereafter grant, to nationals; all without
prejudice to the rights specially provided for by this Convention. Consequently,
they shall have the same protection as the latter, and the same legal remedy
against any ifringement of their rights, provided that the conditions and
formalities imposed upon nationals are complied with.
(2) However, no requirement as to domicile or establishment in the country where
protection is claimed may be imposed upon nationals of countries of the Union for
the enjoyment of any industrial property rights.
(3) The provisions of the laws of each of the countries of the Union relating to judicial
and administrative procedure and to jurisdiction, and to the designation of an
address for service or the appointment of an agent, which may be required by the
laws on industrial property are expressly reserved.

Article 3
[Same Treatment for Certain Categories of Persons
as for Nationals of Countries of the Union]

Nationals of countries outside the Union who are domiciled or who have real and
effective industrial or commercial establishments in the territory of one of the
countries of the Union shall be treated in the same manner as nationals of the
countries of the Union.

Article 4
[A to. I. Patents, Utility Models, Industrial
Designs, Marks, Inventors Certificates:
Right of Priority. - G. Patents: Division of the
Application]

A. - (1) Any person who has duly filed an application for a patent, or for the
registration of a utility model, or of an industrial design, or of a trademark,
in one of the countries of the Union, or his successor in title, shall enjoy, for
the purpose of filing in the other countries, a right of priority during the
periods hereinafter fixed.
(2) Any filing that is equivalent to a regular national filing under the domestic
legislation of any country of the Union or under bilateral or multilateral
treaties concluded between countries of the Union shall be recognized as
giving rise to the right of priority.
(3) By a regular national filing is meant any filing that is adequate to establish
the date on which the application was filed in the country concerned,
whatever may be the Subsequent fate of the application.
B. - Consequently, any subsequent filing in any of the other countries of the Union
before the expiration of the periods referred to above shall not be invalidated by
reason of any acts accomplished in the interval, in particular, another filing, the
publication or exploitation of the invention, the putting on sale of copies of the
design, or the use of the mark, and such acts cannot give rise to any third-party
right or any right of personal possession. Rights acquired by third parties before
the date of the first application that serves as parties before the date of the first
application that serves as the basis for the right of priority are reserved in
accordance with the domestic legislation of each country of the Union.
C. (1) The periods of priority referred to above shall be twelve months for patents and
utility models, and six months for industrial designs and trademarks.
(2) These periods shall start form the date of filing of the first application; the day
of filing shall not be included in the period.

(3) If the last day of the period is an official holiday, or a day when the Office is
not open for the filing of applications in the country where protection is
claimed, the period shall be extended until the first following working day.
(4) A subsequent application concerning the same subject as a previous first
application within the meaning of paragraph (2), above filed in the same
country of the Union. shall be considered as the first application, of which the
filing date shall be the starting point of the period of priority, if, at the time
of filing the subsequent application, the said previous application has been
withdrawn, abandoned, or refused, without having been laid open to public
inspection and without leaving any rights outstanding, and if it has not yet
served as a basis for claiming a right of priority. The previous application may
not thereafter serve as a basis for claiming a right of priority.
D. (1) Any person desiring to take advantage of the priority of a previous filing shall be
required to make a declaration indicating the date of such filing and the
country in which it was made. Each country shall determine the latest date on
which such declaration must be made.
(2) These particulars shall be mentioned in the publications issued by the
competent authority, and in particular in the patents and the specifications
relating thereto.
(3) The countries of the Union may require any person making a declaration of
priority to produce a copy of the application (description, drawings, etc.)
previously filed. The copy, certified as correct by the authority which received
such application, shall not require any authentication, and may in any case be
filed, without fee, at any time within three months of the filing of the
subsequent application. They may require it to be accompanied by a
certificate. from the same authority showing the date of filing, and by a
translation.
(4) No other formalities may be required for the declaration of priority at the time
of filing the application. Each country of the Union shall determine the
consequences of failure to comply with the formalities prescribed by this
Article, but such consequences shall in no case go beyond the loss of the right
of priority.
(5) Subsequently, further proof may be required.

Any person who avails himself of the priority of a previous application shall be
required to specify the number of that application; this number shall be
published as provided for by paragraph (2), above.
E. (1) Where an industrial design is filed in a country by virtue of a right of priority
based on the filing of a utility model, the period of priority shall be the same as
that fixed for industrial designs.
(2) Furthermore, it is permissible to file a utility model in a country by Virtue of a
right of priority based on the filing of a patent application, and vice versa.
F. - No country of the Union may refuse a priority or a patent application on the
ground that the applicant claims multiple priorities, even if they originate in
different countries, or on the ground that an application claiming one or more
priorities contains one or more elements that were not included in the application
or applications whose priority is claimed, provided that, in both cases, there is
unity of invention within the meaning of the law of the country.
With respect to the elements not included in the application or applications
whose priority is claimed, the filing of the subsequent application shall give rise to
a right of priority under ordinary conditions.
G. - (1) If the examination reveals that an application for a patent contains more than
one invention, the applicant may divide the application into a certain number
of divisional applications and preserve as the date of each the date of the
initial application and the benefit of the right of priority, if any.
(2) The applicant may also, on his own initiative, divide a patent application and
preserve as the date of each divisional application the date of the initial
application and the benefit of the right of priority, if any. Each country of the
Union shall have the right to determine the conditions under which such
division shall be authorized.
H. Priority may not be refused on the ground that certain elements of the invention
for which priority is claimed do not appear among the claims formulated in the
application in the country of origin, provided that the application documents as a
whole specifically disclose such elements.
I. (1) Applications for inventors' certificates filed in a country in which applicants
have the right to apply at their own option either for a patent or for an
inventor's certificate shall give rise to the right of priority provided for by this
Article, under the same conditions and with the same effects as applications for
patents.
(2) In a country in which applicants have the right to apply at their own option
either for a patent or for an inventor's certificate shall, in accordance with the
provisions of this Article relating to patent applications, enjoy a right of priority
based on an application for a patent, a utility model, or an inventor's
certificate.

Article 4bis
[Patents: Independence of Patents Obtained for the Same
Invention in Different Countries]

(1) Patents applied for in the various countries of the Union by nationals of countries
of the Union shall be independent of patents obtained for the same invention in
other countries, whether members of the Union or not.

(2) The foregoing provision is to be understood in an unrestricted sense, in particular,
in the sense that patents applied for during the period of priority are
independent. both as regards the grounds for nulllity and forfeiture, and as
regards their normal duration.

(3) The provision shall apply to all patents existing at the time when it comes into
effect.

(4) Similarly, it shall apply, in the case of the accession of new countries, to patents in
existence on either side at the time of accession.

(5) Patents obtained with the benefit of priority shall, in the various countries of the
Union, have a duration equal to that which they would have, had they been
applied for or granted without the benefit of priority.

Article 4ter

[Patents : Mention of the Inventor in the Patent]

The inventor shall have the right to be mentioned as such in the patent.

Article 4quater
[Patents: Patentability in Case of
Restrictions of Sale by Law]

The grant of a patent shall not be refused and a patent shall not be invalidated on the
ground that the sale of the patented product or of a product obtained by means of a
patented process is subject to restrictions or limitations resulting from the domestic
law.

Article 5
- A. Patents : Importation of Articles; Failure to Work or Insufficient Working;
Compulsory Licenses.
- B. Industrial Designs: Failure to Work; Importation of Articles.
- C. Marks

: Failure to Use; Different Forms; Use by Co-proprietors.
- D. Patents, Utility Models, Marks, Industrial Designs; Marking.

A. - (1) Importation by the the patentee into the country where the patent has been
granted of articles manufactured in any of the countries of the Union shall not
entail forfeiture of the patent.

(2) Each country of the Union shall have the right to take legislative measures
providing for the grant of compulsory licenses to prevent the abuses which
might result from the exercise of the execlusive rights conferred by the
patent, for example, failure to work.

(3) Forfeiture of the patent shall not be provided for except in cases where the
grant of compulsory licenses would not have been sufficient to prevent the
said abuses. No proceedings for the forfeiture or revocation of a patent may
be instituted before the expiration of two years from the grant of the first
compulsory license.

(4) A compulsory license may not be applied for on the ground of failure to work
or insufficient working before the expiration of a period of four years from
the date of filing of the patent application or three years from the date of
the grant of the patent, whichever period expires last; it shall be refused if
the patentee justifies his inaction by legitimate reasons. Such a compulsory
license shall be non-exclusive and shall not be transferable, even in the form
of the grant of a sub-license, except with that part of the enterprise or
good-will which exploits such license.

(5) The foregoing provisions shall be applicable, mutatis mutandis, to utility
models.

B. - The protection of industrial designs shall not, under any circumstance, be subject
to any forfeiture, either by reason of failure to work or by reason of the
importation of articles corresponding to those which are protected.

C. - (1) If, in any country, use of the registered mark is compulsory, the registration
may be cancelled only after a reasonable period, and then only if the person
concerned does not justify his inaction.

(2) Use of a trademark by the proprietor in a form differing in elements which do
not alter the distinctive character of the mark in the form in which it was
registered in one of the countries of the Union shall not entail invalidation of
the registration and shall not diminish the protection granted to the mark.

(3) Concurrent use of the same mark on identical or similar goods by industrial or
commercial establishments considered as co-proprietors of the mark
according to the provisions of the domestic law of the country where
protection is claimed shall not prevent registration or diminish in any way the
protection granted to the said mark in any country of the Union, provided
that such use does not result in misleading the public and is not contrary to
the public interest

D. - No indication or mention of the patent, of the utility model, of the registration
of the trademark, or of the deposit of the industrial design, shall be required
upon the goods as a condition of recognition of the right to protection.

Article 5bis
[All Industrial Property Rights: Period of Grace for
the Payment of Fees for the Maintenance of Rights;
Patents: Restoration]

(1) A period of grace of not less than six months shall be allowed for the payment
of the fees prescribed for the maintenance of industrial property rights,
subject, if the domestic legislation so provides, to the payment of a
surcharge.

(2) The countries of the Union shall have the right to provide for the restoration
of patents which have lapsed by reason of non-payment of fees.

Article 5ter
[Patents: Patented Devices Forming Part of
Vessels, Aircraft, or Land Vehicles]

In any country of the Union the following shall not be considered as infringements of
the rights of a patentee:

1. the use on board vessels of other countries of the Union of devices forming the
subject of his patent in the body of the vessel, in the machinery, tackle, gear and
other accessories, when such vessels temporarily or accidentally enter the waters
of the said country, provided that such devices are used there exclusively for the
needs of the vessel;

2. the use of devices forming the subject of the patent in the construction or
operation of aircraft or land vehicles of other countries of the Union, or of
accessories of such aircraft or land vehicles, when those aircraft or land vehicles
temporarily or accidentally enter the said country.

Article 5quarter
[Patents: Importation of Products Manufactured by
a Process Patented in the Importing Country]

When a product is imported into a country of the Union where there exists a patent
protecting a process of manufacture of the said product, the patentee shall have all
the rights, with regard to the imported product, that are accorded to him by the
legislation of the country of importation, on the basis of the process patent, with
respect to products manufactured in that country.

Article 5quinquies
[Industrial Designs]

Industrial designs shall be protected in all the countries of the Union.

Article 6

[Marks: Conditions of Registration; Independence of
Protection of Same Mark in Different Countries]

(1) The conditions for the filing and registration of trademarks shall be determined in
each country of the Union by its domestic legislation.

(2) However, an application for the registration of a mark filed by a national of a
country of the Union in any country of the Union may not be refused, nor may a
registration be invalidated, on the ground that filing, registration, or renewal, has
not been effected in the country of origin.

(3) A mark duly registered in a country of the Union shall be regarded as independent
of marks registered in the other countries of the Union, including the country of
origin.

Article 6bis
[Marks: Well Known Marks]

(1) The countries of the Union undertake, ex officio if their legislation so permits, or
at the request of an interested party, to refuse or to cancel the registration, and
to prohibit the use, of a trademark which constitutes a reproduction, an imitation,
or translation, liable to create confusion, of a mark considered by the competent
authority of the country of registration or use to be well known in that country as
being already the mark of a person entitled to the benefits of this Convention and
used for identical or similar goods.
These provisions shall also apply when the essential part of the mark constitutes a
reproduction of any such well-known mark or an imitation liable to create
confusion therewith.

(2) A period of at least five years from the date of registration shall be allowed for
requesting the cancellation of such a mark. The countries of the Union may
provide for a period within which the prohibition of use must be requested.

(3) No time limit shall be fixed for requesting the cancellation or the prohibition of
the use of marks registered or used in bad faith.

Article 6ter
[Marks: Prohibitions concerning State Emblems,
Official Hallmarks, and Emblems of
Intergovernmental Organizations]

(1) (a) The countries of the Union agree to refuse or to invalidate the registration, and
to prohibit by appropriate measures the use, without authorization by the
competent authorities, either as trademarks or as elements of trademarks, of
armorial bearings, flags, and other State emblems, of the countries of the
Union, official signs and hallmarks indicating control and warranty adopted by
them, and any imitation from a heraldic point of view.

(b) The provisions of subparagraph (a), above, shall apply equally to armorial
bearings, flags, other emblems, abbreviations, and names, of international
intergovernmental organizations of which one or more countries of the Union
are members, with the exception of armorial bearings, flags, other emblems,
abbreviations, and names, that are already the subject of international,
agreements in force, intended to ensure their protection.

(c) No country of the Union shall be required to apply the provisions of
subparagraph (b), above to the prejudice of the owners of rights acquired in
good faith before the entry into force, in that country, of this Convention. The
countries of the Union shall not be required to apply the said provisions when
the use or registration referred to in sub-paragraph (a), above, is not of such a
nature as to suggest to the public that a connection exists between the
ogranization concerned and the armorial bearings, flags, emblems,
abbreviations, and names, or if such use or registrations is probably not of such
a nature as to mislead the public as to the ex-istence of a connection between
the user and the organization.

(2) Prohibition of the use of official signs and hallmarks indicating control and
warranty shall apply solely in cases where the marks in which they are
incorporated are intended to be used on goods of the same or a similar kind.

(3) (a) For the application of these provisions, the countries of the Union agree to
communicate reciprocally, through the intermediary of the International
Bureau, the list of State emblems, and official signs and hallmarks indicating
control and warranty, which they desire, or may hereafter desire, to place
wholly or within certain limits under the protection of this Article, and all
subsequent modifications of such list. Each country of the Union shall in due
course make available to the public the lists so communicated.

Nevertheless such communication is not obligatory in respect of flags of States.

(b) The provisions of subparagraph (b) of paragraph (1) of this Article shall apply
only to such armorial bearings, flags, other emblems, abbreviations, and
names, of international intergovernmental organizations as the latter have
communicated to the countries of the Union through the intermediary of the
International Bureau.

(4) Any country of the Union may, within a period of twelve months from the reccipt
of the notification, transmit its objections, if any, through the intermediary of the
International Bureau, to the country or international intergovernmental
organization concerned.

(5) In the case of State flags, the measures prescribed by paragraph (1), above, shall
apply solely to marks registered after November 6, 1925.

(6) In the case of State emblems other than flags, and of official signs and hallmarks
of the countries of the Union, and in the case of armorial bearings, flags, other
emblems,
abbreviations, and names, of international intergovernmental
organizations, these provisions shall apply only to marks registered more than two
months after receipt of the communication provided for in paragraph (3), above.

(7) In cases of bad faith, the countries shall have the right to cancel even those marks
incorporating State emblems, signs, and hallmarks, which were registered before
November 6, 1925.

(8) Nationals of any country who are authorized to make use of the State emblems,
signs, and hallmarks, of their country may use them even if they are similar to
those of another country.

(9) The countries of the Union undertake to prohibit the unauthorized use in trade of
the State armorial bearings of the other countries of the Union, when the use is of
such a nature as to be misleading as to the origin of the goods.

(10) The above provisions shall not prevent the countries from exercising the right
given in paragraph (3) of Article 6quinquies, Section B, to refuse or to invalidate
the registration of marks incorporating, without authorization, armorial bearings,
flags, other State emblems, or official signs and hallmarks adopted by a country
of the Union, as well as the distinctive signs of international intergovernmental
organizations referred to in paragraph (1), above.

Article 6quarter
Marks: Assignment of Marks]

(1) When, in accordance with the law of a country of the Union, the assignment of a
mark is valid only if it takes place at the same time as the transfer of the business
or goodwill to which the mark belongs, it shall suffice for the recognition of such
validity that the portion of the business or goodwill located in that country be
transferred to the assignee, together with the exclusive right to manufacture in the
said country, or to sell therein, the goods bearing the mark assigned.

(2) The foregoing provision does not impose upon the countries of the Union any
obligation to regard as valid the assignment of any mark the use of which by the
assignee would, in fact, be of such a nature as to misled the public, particularly as
regards the origin, nature, or essential qualities, of the goods to which the mark is
applied.

Article 6quinquies
[Marks: Protection of Marks Registered in One Country
of the Union in the Other Countries of the Union]

A. - (1) Every trademark duly registered in the country of origin shall be accepted for
filing and protected as is in the other countries of the Union, subject to the
reservations indicated in this Article. Such countries may, before proceeding
to final registration, rquire the production of a certificate of registration in
the country of origin, issued by the competent authority. No authentication
shall be required for this certificate.

- (2) Shall be considered the country of origin the country of the Union where the
applicant has a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment, or,
if he has no such establishment within the Union, the country of the Union
where he has his domicile, or, if he has no domicile within the Union but is a
national of a country of the Union, the country of which he is a national.

B. - Trademarks covered by this Article may be neither denied registration nor
invalidated except in the following cases:
1. when they are of such a nature as to infringe rights acquired by third parties in
the country where protection is claimed;

2. when they are devoid of any distinctive character, or consist exclusively of signs
or indications which may serve, in trade, to designate the kind, quality,
quantity, intended purpose, value, place of origin, of the goods, or the time of
production, or have become customary in the current language or in the bona
fide and established practices of the trade of the country where protection is
claimed;

3. when they are contrary to morality or public order and, in particular, of such a
nature as to deceive the public.
It is understood that a mark may not be considered contrary to public order for the
sole reason that it does not conform to a provision of the legislation on marks, except
if such provision itself relates to public order.
This provision is subject, however, to the application of Article 10bis.

C. - (1) In determining whether a mark is eligible for protection, all the factual
circumstances must be taken into consideration, particularly the length of
time the mark has been in use.

(2) No trademark shall be refused in the other countries of the Union for the sole
reason that it differs from the mark protected in the country of origin only in
respect of elements that do not alter its distinctive character and do not
affect its identity in the form in which it has been registered in the said
country of origin.

D. - No person may benefit from the provisions of this Article if the mark for which he
claims protection is not registered in the country of origin.

E. - However, in no case shall the renewal of the registration of the mark in the
country of origin involve an obligation to renew the registration in the other
countries of the Union in which the mark has been registered.

F. - The benefit of priority shall remain unaffected for applications for the registration
of marks filed within the period fixed by Article 4, even if registration in the
country of origin is effected after the expiration of such period.

Article 6sexies
[Marks: Service Marks]

The countries of the Union undertake to protect service marks. They shall not be
required to provide for the registration of such marks.

Article 6septies
[Marks: Registration in the Name of the Agent
or Representative of the Proprietor
Without the Latter's Authorization]

(1) If the agent or representative of the person who is the proprietor of a mark in one
of the countries of the Union applies, without such proprietor's authorization, for
the registration of the mark in his own name, in one or more countries of the
Union, the proprietor shall be entitled to oppose the registration applied for or
demand its cancellation or, if the law of the country so allows, the assignment in
his favor of the said registration, unless such agent or representative justifies his
action.

(2) The proprietor of the mark shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph (1), above,
be entitled to oppose the use of his mark by his agent or representative if he has
not authorized such use.

(3) Domestic legislation may provide an equitable time limit within which the
proprietor of a mark must exercise the rights provided for in this Article.

Arrticle 7
[Marks: Nature of the Goods to which the
Marks is Applied]

The nature of the goods to which a trademark is to be applied shall in no case form an
obstscle to the registration of the mark.

Article 7bis

[Marks: Collective Marks]

(1) The countries of the Union undertake to accept for filing and to protect collective
marks belonging to associations the existence of which is not contrary to the law of
the country of origin, even if such associations do not possess an industrial or
commercial establishment.

(2) Each country shall be the judge of the particular conditions under which a
collective mark shall be protected and may refuse protection if the mark is
contrary to the public interest.

(3) Nevertheless, the protection of these marks shall not be refused to any association
the existence of which is not contrary to the law of the country of origin, on the
ground that such association is not established in the country where protection is
sought or is not constituted according to the law of the latter country.

Article 8
[Trade Names]

A trade name shall be protected in all the countries of the Union without the
obligation of filing or registration, whether or not it forms part of a trademark.

Article 9
[Marks, Trade Names: Seizure, on Importation,
etc., of Goods Unlawfully
Bearing a Mark or Trade Name]

(1) All goods unlawfully bearing a trademark or trade name shall be seized on
importation into those countries of the Union where such mark or trade name is
entitled to legal protection.

(2) Seizure shall likewise be effected in the country where the unlawful affixation
occurred or in the country into which the goods were imported.

(3) Seizure shall take place at the request of the public prosecutor, or any other
competent authority, or any interested party, whether a natural person or a legal
entity, in conformity with the domestic legislation of each country.

(4) The authorities shall not be bound to effect seizure of goods in transit.

(5) If the legislation of a country does not permit seizure on importation, seizure shall
be replaced by prohibition of importation or by seizure inside the country.

(6) If the legislation of a country permits neither seizure on importation nor
prohibition of importation nor seizure inside the country, then, until such time as
the legislation is modified accordingly, these measures shall be replaced by the
actions and remedies available in such cases to nationals under the law of such
country.

Article 10
False Indications: Seizure, on Importation, etc.,
of Goods Bearing False Indications as to their
Source or the Identity of the Producer]

(1) The provisions of the preceding Article shall apply in cases of direct or indirect use
of a false indication of the source of the goods or the identity of the producer,
manufacturer, or merchant.

(2) Any producer, manufacturer, or merchant, whether a natural person or a legal
entity, engaged in the production or manufacture of or trade in such goods and
establishe either in the locality falsely indicated as the source, or in the region
where such locality is situated, or in the country falsely indicated, or in the
country where the false indication of source is used, shall in any case be deemed
an interested party.

Article 10bis
[Unfair Competition]

(1) The countries of the Union are bound to assure to nationals of such countries
effective protection against unfair competition.

(2) Any act of competition contrary to honest practices in inustrial or commercial
matters constitutes an act of unfair competition.

(3) The following in particular shall be prohibited :
1. all acts of such a nature as to create confusion by any means whatever with the
establishment, the goods, or the industrial or commercial activities, of a
competitor;

2. false allegations in the course of trade of such a nature as to discredit the
establishment, the goods, or the industrial or commercial activities, of a
competitor;

3. indications or allegations the use of which in the course of trade is liable to
mislead the public as to the nature, the manufacturing process, the
characteristics, the suit ability for their purpose, or the quantity, of the goods.

Article 10ter
[Marks, Trade Names, False Indications, Unfair
Competition: Remedies, Right to Sue]

(1) The countries of the Union undertake to assure to nationals of the other countries
of the Union appropriate legal remedies effectively to repress all the acts referred
to in Articles 9, 10, and 10bis.

(2) They undertake, further, to provide measures to permit federations and
associations representing interested industrialists, producers, or merchants,
provided that the existence of such federations and associations is not contrary to
the laws of their countries, to take action in the courts or before the
administrative authorities, with a view to the repression of the acts referred to in
Articles 9, 10, and 10bis in so far as the law of the country in which protection is
claimed allows such action by federations and associations of that country.

Article 11
[Inventions, Utility Models, Industrial Designs, Marks:
Temporary Protection at Certain International Exhibitions]

(1) The countries of the Union shall, in conformity with their domestic legislation,
grant temporary protection to patentable inventions, utility models, industrial
designs, and trademarks, in respect of goods exhibited at official or officially
recognized international exhibitions held in the territory of any of them.

(2) Such temporary protection shall not extend the periods provided by Article 4. If,
later, the right of priority is invoked, the authorities of any country may provide
that the period shall start from the date of introduction of the goods into the
exhibition.

(3) Each country may require, as proof of the identity of the article exhibited and of
the date of its introduction, such documentary evidence as it consider necessary.

Article 12
[Special National Industrial Property Services]

(1) Each country of the Union undertakes to establish a special industrial property
service and a central office for the communication to the public of patents, utility
models, industrial designs, and trademarks.

(2) This service shall publish an official periodical journal It shall publish regularly:
(a) the names of the proprietors of patents granted, with a brief designation of
the inventions patented;

(b) the reproductions of registered trademarks.

Article 13
[Assembly of the Union]

(1) (a) The Union shall have an Assembly consisting of those countries of the Union
which are bound by Articles 13 to 17.

(b) The Government of each country shall be represented by one delegate, who
may be assisted by alternate delegates, advisors, and experts.

(2) (a) The Assembly shall :
(i) deal with all matters concerning the maintenance and development of the
Union and the implementation of this Convention;

(ii) give directions concerning the preparation for conferences of revision to
the International Bureau of Intellectual Property (hereinafter designated as
"the International Bureau") referred to in the Convention establishing the
World Intellectual Property Organization (hereinafter designated as "the
Organization"), due account being taken of any comments made by those
countries of the Union which are not bound by Articles 13 to 17;

(iii) review and approve the reports and activities of the Director General of the
Organization concerning the Union, and give him all necessary instructions
concerning matters within the competence of the Union;

(iv) elect the members of the Executive Committee of the Assembly;

(v) review and approve the reports and activities of its Executive Committee,
and give instructions to such Committee;

(vi) determine the program and adopt the biennial budget of the Union, and
approve its final accounts;

(vii) adopt the financial regulations of the Union;

(viii) establish such committees of experts and working groups as it deems
appropriate to achieve the objectives of the Union;

(ix) determine which countries not members of the Union and which
intergovernmental and international non governmental organizations shall
be admitted to its meetings as observers;

(x) adopt amendments to Articles 13 to 17;

(xi) take any other appropriate action designed to further the objectives of the
Union;

(xii) perform such other functions as are appropriate under this Convention;

(xiii) subject to its acceptance, exercise such rights as are given to it in the
Convention establishing the Organization.

(b) With respect to matters which are of interest also to other Unions
administered by the Organization, the Assembly sall make its decisions after
having heard the advice of the Coordination Committe of the Organization.

(3) (a) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (b), a delegate may represent one
country only.

(b) Countries of the Union grouped under the terms of a special agreement in a
common office possessing for each of them the character of a special national
service of industrial property as referred to in Article 12 may be jointly
represented during discussions by one of their number.

(4) (a) Each country member of the Assembly shall have one vote.

(b) One-half of the countries members of the Assembly shall constitute a quorum.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (b), if, in any session, the
number of countries represented is less than one-half but equal to or more than
one-third of the countries members of the Assembly, the Assembly may make
decisions but, with the exception of decisions concerning its own procedure, all
such decisions shall take effect only if the conditions set forth hereinafter are
fufilled. The International Bureau shall communicate the said decisions to the
countries members of the Assembly which were not represented and shall invite
them to express in writing their vote or abstention within a period of three
months from the date of the communication. If, at the expiration of this
period, the number of countries laving thus expressed their vote or abstention
attains the number of countries which was lacking for attaining the quorum in
the session itself, such decisions shall take effect provided that at the same
time the required majority still obtains.

(d) Subject to the provisions of Article 17 (2), the decisions of the Assembly shall
require two-thirds of the votes cast.

(e) Abstentions shall not be considered as votes.

(5) (a) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (b), a delegate may vote in the name
of one country only.

(b) The countries of the Union referred to in paragraph (3) (b) shall, as a general
rule, endeavor to send their own delegations to the sessions of the Assembly. If,
however, for exceptional reasons, any such country cannot send its own
delegation, it may give to the delegation of another such country the power to
vote in its name, provided that each delegation may vote by proxy for one
country only. Such power to vote shall be granted in a document signed by the
Head of State or the competent Minister.

(6) Countries of the Union not members of the Assembly shall be admitted to the
meetings of the latter as observers.

(7) (a) The Assembly shall meet once in every second calendar year in ordinary session
upon convocation by the Director General and, in the absence of exceptional
circumstances, during the same period and at the same place as the General
Assembly of the Organization.

(b) The Assembly shall meet in extraordinary session upon convocation by the
Director General, at the request of the Executive Committee or at the request
of one-forth of the countries members of the Assembly.

(8) The Assembly shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

Article 14
[Executive Committee]

(1) The Assembly shall have an Executive Committee.

(2) (a) The Executive Committee shall consist of countries elected by the Assembly
from among countries members of the Assembly. Furthermore, the country on
whose territory the Organization has its headquarters shall, subject to the
provisions of Article 16(7)(b), have an ex officio seat on the Committee.

(b) The Government of each country member of the Executive Committee shall be
represented by one delegate, who may be assisted by alternate delegates,
advisors, and experts.

(3) The number of countries members of the Executive Committee shall correspond to
one-fourth of the number of countries members of the Assembly. In establishing
the number of seats to be filled, remainders after division by four shall be
disregarded.

(4) In electing the members of the Executive Committee, the Assembly shall have due
regard to an equitable geographical distribution and to the need for countries
party to the Special Agreements established in relation with the Union to be among
the countries constituting the Executive Committee.

(5) (a) Each member of the Executive Committee shall serve from the close of the
session of the Assembly which elected it to the close of the next ordinary
session of the Assembly.

(b) Members of the Executive Committee may be re-elected, but only up to a
maximum of two-thirds of such members.

(c) The Assembly shall establish the details of the rules governing the election and
possible re-election of the members of the Executive Committee.

(6) (a) The Executive Committee shall:

(i) prepare the draft agenda of the Assembly;
(ii) submit proposals to the Assembly in respect of the draft program and
biennial budget of the Union prepared by the Director General;
(iii) [deleted]
(iv) submit, with appropriate comments, to the Assembly the periodical reports
of the Director General and the yearly audit reports on the accounts;
(v) take all necessary measures to ensure the execution of the program of the
Union by the Director General, in accordance with the decisions of the
Assembly and having regard to circumstances arising between two ordinary
sessions of the Assembly;

(vi) perform such other functions as are allocated to it under this Convention.

(b) With respect to matters which are of interest also to other Unions administered
by the Organization, the Executive Committee shall make its decisions after
having heard the advice of the Coordination Committee of the Organization.

(7) (a) The Executive Committee shal meet once a year in ordinary session upon
convocation by the Director General, preferably during the same period and at
the same place as the Coordination Committee of the Organization.

(b) The Executive Committee shall meet in extroardinary session upon convocation
by the Director general, either on his own initiative, or at the request of its
Chairman or one fourth of its members.

(8) (a) Each country member of the Executive Committee shall have one vote.

(b) One-half of the members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a
quorum.

(d) Abstentions shall not be considered as votes.

(e) A delegate may represent, and vote in the name of one country only.

(9) Countries of the Union not members of the Executive Committee shall be
admitted to its meetings as observers.

(10) The Executive Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

Article 15
[International Bureau]

(1) (a) Administrative tasks concerning the Union shall be performed by the
International Bureau, which is a continuation of the Bureau of the Union united
with the Bureau of the Union established by the International Convention for
the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.

(b) In particular, the International Burearau shall provide the secretariat of the
various organs of the Union.

(2) The International Bureau shall assemble and publish information concerning the
protection of industrial property. Each country of the Union shall promptly
communicate to the International Bureau all new laws and official texts concerning
the protection of industrial property. Furthermore, it shall furnish the International
Bureau with all the publications of its industrial property service of direct concern
to the protection of industrial property which the International Bureau may find
useful in its work.

(3) The International Bureau shall publish a monthly periodical.

(4) The International Bureau shall, on request, furnish any country of the Union with
information on matters concerning the protection of industrial property.

(5) The International Bureau shall conduct studies, and shall provide services, desgned
to facilitate the protection of industrial property.

(6) The Director General and any staff member designated by him shall participate,
without the right to vote, in all meetings of the Assembly, the Executive
Committee, and any other committee of experts or working group. The Director
General, or a staff member designated by him, shall be ex officio secretary of
these bodies.

(7) (a) The International Burcau shall, in accordance with the directions of the
Assembly and in cooperation with the Executive Committee, make the
preparations for the conferences of revision of the provisions of the Convention
other than Articles 13 to 17.
(b) The International Bureau may consult with intergovernmental and international
non-governmental organizations concerning preparations for conferences of
revision.

(c) The Director General and persons designated by him shall take part, without
the right to vote, in the discussions at these conferences.

(8) The International Bureau shall carry out any other tasks assigned to it.

Article 16
[Finances]

(1) (a) The Union shall have a budget.
(b) The budget of the Union shall include the income and expenses proper to the
Union, its contribution to the budget of expenses common to the Unions, and,
where applicable, the sum made available to the budget of the Conference of
the Organization.
(c) Expenses not attributable exclusively to the Union but also to one or more
other Unions administered by the Organization shall be considered as expenses
common to the Unions. The share of the Union in such common expenses shall
be in proportion to the interest the Union has in them.

(2) The budget of the Union shall be established with due regard to the requirements
of coordination with the budgets of the other Unions administered by the
Organization.

(3) The budget of the Union shall be financed from the following sources:

(i) contributions of the countries of the Union;
(ii) fees and charges due for services rendered by the International Bureau in
relation to the Union;
(iii) sale of, or royalties on, the publications of the International Bureau
concerning the Union;

(iv) gifts, bequests, and subventions;

(v) rents, interests, and other miscellaneous income.

(4) (a) For the purpose of establishing its contribution towards the budget, each
country of the Union shall belong to a slass, and shall pay its annual
contributions on the basis of a number of units fixed as follows:
Class I ...... 25
Class II ...... 20
Class III ..... 15
Class IV ..... 10
Class V ...... 5
Class VI ..... 3
Class VII .... 1

(b) Unless it has already done so, each country shall indicate, concurrently with
depositing its instrument of ratification or accession, the class to which it wishes
to belong. Any country may change class. If it chooses a lower class, the country
must announce such change to the Assembly at one of its ordinary sessions. Any
such change shall take effect at the beginning of the calendar year following the
said session.

(c) The annual contribution of each country shall be an amount in the same proportion
to the total sum to be contributed to the budget of the Union by all countries as
the number of its units is to the total of the units of all contributing countries.

(d) Contributions shall become due on the first of January of each year.

(e) A country which is in arrears in the payment of its contributions may not exercise
its right to vote in any of the organs of the Union of which it is a member if the
amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the amount of the contributions due from
it for the preceding two full years. However, any organ of the Union may allow
such a country to continue to exercise its right to vote in that organ if, and as long
as, it is satisfied that the delay in payment is due to exceptional and unavoidable
circumstances.

(f) If the budget is not adopted before the beginning of a new financial period, it shall
be at the same level as the budget of the privious year, as provided in the financial
regulations.

(5) The amount of the fees and charges due for services rendered by the International
Bureau in relation to the Union shall be established, and shall be reported to the
Assembly and the Executive Committee, by the Director General.

(6) (a) The Union shall have a working capital fund which shall be constituted by a
single payment made by each country of the Union. If the fund becomes
insufficient, the Assembly shall decide to increase it.

(b) The amount of the initial payment of each country to the said fund or of its
participation in the increase thereof shall be a proportion of the contribution
of that country for the year in which the fund is established or the decision to
increase it is made.

(c) The proportion and the terms of payment shall be fixed by the Assembly on
the proposal of the Director General and after it has heard the advice of the
Coordination Committee of the Organization.

(7) (a) In the headquarters agreement concluded with the country on the territory of
which the Organization has its head quarters, it shall be provided that,
whenever the working capital fund is insufficient, such country shall grant
advances. The amount of these advances and the conditions on which they are
granted shall be the subject of separate agreements, in each case, between
such country and the Organization. As long as it remains under the obligation
to grant advances, such country shall have an ex officio seat on the Executive
Committee.

(b) The country referred to in subparagraph (a) and the Organization shall each
have the right to denounce the obligation to grant advances, by written
notification. Denunciation shall take effect three years after the end of the
year in which it has been notified.

(8) The auditing of the accounts shall be effected by one or more of the countries of
the Union or by external auditors, as provided in the financial regulations. They
shall be designated, with their agreement, by the Assembly.

Article 17
[Amendment of Articles 13 to 17]

(1) Proposals for the amendment of Articles 13, 14, 15, 16, and the present Article,
may be intitiated by any country member of the Assembly, by the Executive
Committee, or by the Director General. Such proposals shall be communicated by
the Director General to the member countries of the Assembly at least six months
in advance of their consideration by the Assembly.

(2) Amendments to the Articles referred to in paragraph (1) shall be adopted by the
Assembly. Adoption shall require three-fourths of the votes cast, provided that
any amendment to Article 13, and to the present paragraph, shall require
four-fifths of the votes cast.

(3) Any amendment to the Articles referred to in paragraph (1) shall enter into force
one mouth after written notifications of acceptance, effected in accordance with
their respective constitutional processes, have been received by the Director
General from three-fourths of the countries members of the Assembly at the time
it adopted the amendment. Any amendment to the said Articles thus accepted
shall bind all the countries which are members of the Assembly at the time the
amendment enters into force, or which become members thereof at a subsequent
date, provided that any amendment increasing the financial obligations of
countries of the Union shall bind only those countries which have notifed their
acceptance of such amendment.

Article 18
[Revision of Articles 1 to 12 and 18 to 30]

(1) This Convention shall be submitted to revision with a view to the introduction of
amendments designed to improve the system of the Union.

(2) For that purpose, conferences shall be held successively in one of the countries of
the Union among the delegates of the said countries.

(3) Amendments to Articles 13 to 17 are governed by the provisions of Article 17.

Article 19
[Special Agreements]

It is understood that the countries of the Union reserve the right to make separately
between themselves special agreements for the protection of industrial property, in so
far as these agreements do not contravene the provisions of this Convention.

Article 20
[Ratification or Accession by Countries of the Union;
Entry Into Force]

(1) (a) Any country of the Union which has signed this Act may ratify it, and, if it has
not signed it, may accede to it, Instruments of ratification and accession shall
be deposited with the Director General.

(b) Any country of the Union may declare in its instrument of ratification or
accession that its ratification or accession shall not apply :

(i) to Articles 1 to 12, or

(ii) to Articles 13 to 17.

(c) Any country of the Union which, in accordance with subparagraph (b), has excluded
from the effects of its ratification or accession one of the two groups of Articles
referred to in that subparagraph may at any later time declare that it extends the
effects of its ratification or accession to that group of Articles. Such declaration
shall be deposited with the Director General.

(2) (a) Articles 1 to 12 shall enter into force, with respect to the first ten countries of
the Union which have deposited instruments of ratification or accession
without making the declaration permitted under paragraph (1)(b)(i) three
months after the deposit of the tenth such instrument of ratification or
accession.

(b) Articles 13 to 17 shall enter into force, with respect to the first ten countries
of the Union which have deposited instruments of ratification or accession
without making the declaration permitted under paragraph (1)(b)(ii), three
months after the deposit of the tenth such instrument of ratification or
accession.

(c) Subject to the initial entry into force, pursuant to the provisions of
subparagraphs (a) and (b), of each of the two groups of Articles referred to in
paragraph (1)(b)(i) and (ii), and subject to the provisions of paragraph (1)(b),
Articles 1 to 17 shall, with respect to any country of the Union, other than
those referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b), which deposits an instrument of
ratification or accession or any country of the Union which deposits a
declaration pursuant to paragraph (1)(c), enter into force three months after
the date of notification by the Director General of such deposit, unless a
subsequent date has been indicated in the instrument or declaration
deposited. In the latter case, this Act shall enter into force with respect to
that country on the date thus indicated.

(3) With respect to any country of the Union which deposits an instrument of
ratification or accession, Articles 18 to 30 shall enter into force on the earlier of
the dates on which any of the groups of Articles referred to in paragraph (1)(b)
enters into force with respect to that country pursuant to paragraph (2)(a), (b), or
(c).

Article 21
[Accession by Countries Outside the Union;
Entry Into Force]

(1) Any country outside the Union may accede to this Act and thereby become a
member of the Union, Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the
Director General.

(2) (a) With respect to any country outside the Union which deposits its instrument of
accession one month or more before the date of entry into force of any
provisions of the present Act, this Act shall enter into force, unless a
subsequent date has been indicated in the instrument of accession, on the
date upon which provisions first enter into force pursuant to Article 20(2) (a)
or (b); provided that:
(i) if Articles 1 to 12 do not enter into force on that date, such country shall,
during the interim period before the entry into force of such provisions, and
in substitution therefor, be bound by Articles 1 to 12 of the Lisbon Act.

(ii) if Articles 13 to 17 do not enter into force on that date, such country shall,
during the interim period before the entry into force of such provisions, and
in substitution therefor, be bound by Articles 13 and 14 (3), (4), and (5), of
the Lisbon Act.

If a country indicates a subsequent date in its instrument of accession, this Act shall
enter into force with respect to that country on the date thus indicated.

(b) With respect to any country outside the Union which deposits its instrument of
accession on a date which is subsequent to, or precedes by less than one
month, the entry into force of one group of Articles of the present Act, this
Act shall, subject to the proviso of subparagraph (a), enter into force three
months after the date on which its accession has been notified by the Director
General, unless a subsequent date has been indicated in the instrument of
accession. In the latter case, this Act shall enter into force with respect to
that country on the date thus indicated.

(3) With respect to any country outside the Union which deposits its instrument of
accession after the date of entry into force of the present Act in its entirety, or
less than one month before such date, this Act shall enter into force three months
after the date on which its accession has been notified by the Director General,
unless a subsequent date has been indicated in the instrument of accession. In the
latter case, this Act shall enter into force with respect to that country on the date
thus indicated.

Article 22
[Consequences of Ratification or Accession]

Subject to the possibilities of exceptions provided for in Articles 20(1)(b) and 28(2),
ratification or accession shall automatically entail acceptance of all the clauses and
admission to all the advantages of this Act.

Article 23
[Accession to Earlier Acts]

After the entry into force of this Act in its entirety, a country may not accede to
earlier Acts of this Convention.

Article 24
[Territories]

(1) Any country may declare in its instrument of ratification or accession, or may
inform the Director General by written notification any time thereafter, that this
Convention shall be applicable to all or part of those territories, designated in the
declaration or notification, for the external relations of which it is responsible.

(2) Any country which has made such a declaration or given such a notification may,
at any time, notify the Director General that this Convention shall cease to be
applicable to all or part of such territories.

(3) (a) Any declaration made under paragraph (1) shall take effect on the same date
as the ratification or accession in the instrument of which it was included, and
any notification given under such paragraph shall take effect three months
after its notification by the Director General.

(b) Any notification given under paragraph (2) shall take effect twelve months
after its receipt by the Director General.

Article 25
[Implementation of the Convention on the Domestic Level]

(1) Any country party to this Convention undertakes to adopt, in accordance with its
constitution, the measures necessary to ensure the application of this Convention.

(2) It is understood that, at the time a country deposits its instrument of ratification
or accession, it will be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the
provisions of this Convention.

Article 26
[Denunciation]

(1) This Convention shall remain in force without limitation as to time.

(2) Any country may denounce this Act by notification addressed to the Director
General. Such denunciation shall constitute also denunciation of all earlier Acts
and shall affect only the country making it, the Convention remaining in full force
and effect as regards the other countries of the Union.

(3) Denunciation shall take effect one year after the day on which the Director
General has received the notification.

(4) The right of denunciation provided by this Article shall not be exercised by any
country before the expiration of five years from the date upon which it becomes a
member of the Union.

Article 27
[Application of Earlier Acts]

(1) The present Act shall, as regards the relations between the countries to which it
applies, and to the extent that it applies, replace the Convention of Paris of March
20, 1883, and the subsequent Acts of revision.

(2) (a) As regards the countries to which the present Act does not apply, or does not
apply in its entirety, but to which the Lisbon Act of October 31, 1958, applies,
the latter shall remain in force in its entirety or to the extent that the present
Act does not replace it by virtue of paragraph (1).

(b) Similarly, as regards the countries to which neither the present Act, nor
portions thereof, nor the Lisbon Act applies, the London Act of June 2, 1934,
shall remain in force in its entirety or to the extent that the present Act does
not replace it by virtue of paragraph (1).

(c) Similarly, as regards the countries to which neither the present Act, nor
portions thereof, nor the Lisbon Act, nor the London Act applies, the Hague
Act of November 6, 1925, shall remain in force in its entirety or to the extent
that the present Act does not replace it by virtue of paragraph (1).

(3) Countries outside the Union which become party to this Act shall apply it with
respect to any country of the Union not party to this Act or which, although party
to this Act, has made a declaration pursuant to Article 20(1)(b)(i). Such countries
recognize that the said country of the Union may apply, in its relations with them,
the provisions of the most recent Act to which it is party.

Article 28
[Disputes]

(1) Any dispute between two or more countries of the Union concerning the
interpretation or application of this Convention, not settled by negotiation, may,
by any one of the countries concerned, be brought before the International Court
of Justice by application in conformity with the Statute of the Court, unless the
countries concerned agree on some other method of settlement. The country
bringing the dispute before the. Court shall inform the International Bureau; the
International Bureau shall bring the matter to the attention of the other countries
of the Union.

(2) Each country may, at the time it signs this Act or deposits its instrument of
ratification or accession, declare that it does not consider itself bound by the
provisions of paragraph (1). With regard to any dispute between such country and
any other country of the Union, the provisions of paragraph (1) shall not apply.

(3) Any country having made a declaration in accordance with the provisions of
paragraph (2) may, at any time, with-draw its declaration by notification
addressed to the Director General.

Article 29
[Signature, Languages, Depositary Functions]

(1) (a) This Act shall be signed in a single copy in the French language and shall be
deposited with the Government of Sweden.

(b) Official texts shall be established by the Director General, after consultation
with the interested Governments, in the English, German, Italian, Portuguese,
Russian and Spanish languages, and such other languages as the Assembly may
designate.

(2) This Act shall remain open for signature at Stockholm until January 13, 1968.

(3) The Director General shall transmit two copies, certified by the Government of
Sweden, of the signed text of this Act to the Governments of all countries of the
Union and, on request, to the Government of any other country.

(4) The Director General shall register this Act with the Secretariat of the United
Nations.

(5) The Director General shall notify the Governments of all countries of the Union of
signatures, deposits of instruments of ratification or accession and any declarations
included in such instruments or made pursuant to Article 20(1)(c), entry into force
of any provisions of this Act, notifications of denunciation, and notifications
pursuant to Article 24.

Article 30
[Transitional Provisions]

(1) Until the first Director General assumes office, references in this Act to the
International Bureau of the Organization or to the Director General shall be
deemed to be references to the Bureau of the Union or its Director, respectively.

(2) Countries of the Union not bound by Articles 13 to 17 may, until five years after
the entry into force of the Convention establishing the Organization, exercise, if
they so desire, the rights provided under Articles 13 to 17 of this Act as if they
were bound by those Articles. Any country desiring to exercise such rights shall
give written notification to that effect to the Director General; such notification
shall be effective from the date of its receipt. Such countries shall be deemed to
be members of the Assembly until the expiration of the said period.

(3) As long as all the countries of the Union have not become Members of the
Organization, the International Bureau of the Organization shall also function as
the Bureau of the Union, and the Director General as the Director of the said
Bureau.

(4) Once all the countries of the Union have become Members of the Organization, the
rights, obligations, and property, of the Bureau of the Union shall devolve on the
International Bureau of the Organization.

Keputusan Presiden Nomor 15 Tahun 1997 tentang PERUBAHAN KEPPRES 24-1979 TENTANG PENGESAHAN PARIS CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY DAN CONVENTION ESTABLISHING THE WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION

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